Akintoye, H. A. Kintomo, A. A. and Adekunle, A. A. (2009). Yield and fruit quality of watermelon in response to plant population. Int. J. Veg. Sci. 15: 369-80.
Anjum, S. A. Wang, L. C. Farooq, M. Hussain, M. Xue L. L. and Zou, C. M. (2011). Brassinolide application improves the drought tolerance in maize through modulation of enzymatic antioxidants and leaf gas exchange. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 197: 177-85.
Anusree, K., Simhi Samyuktha S. M. and Manju R. V. (2025). Elevated CO₂ responses in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, carbon allocation patterns, and nitrogen uptake in plants. J. Cell Biol. Genet. 8: 1-7.
Bogale, A. Tesfaye K. and Geleto, T. (2011). Morphological and physiological attributes associated to drought tolerance of Ethiopian durum wheat genotypes under water deficit conditions. J. Bio. Env. Sci. 1: 22-36.
Chibarabada, T. P. Modi A. T. and Mabhaudhi, T. (2017). Nutrient content and nutritional water productivity of selected grain legumes in response to production environment. Int. J. Env. Res. Public Health 14: 1-17.
Craine, J. M. and Dybzinski, R. (2013). Mechanisms of plant competition for nutrients, water and light. Funct. Ecol. 27: 833-40.
Fan, X. M., Li, Y. S., Nie, J., Wang, C., Huang, K. H., Zhang, Y. K., et al. and Yi, Z. (2018). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits and grain yield in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.). Field Crops Res. 219: 160-68. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.001.
Ghasemi, A. and Zahediasl, S. (2012). Normality tests for statistical analysis: A guide for non- statisticians. Int. J. Endocrinol. Metabolism 10: 486-89.
Ju, Z., Liu, K., Zhao, G., Ma X. and Jia, Z. (2022). Nitrogen fertilizer and sowing density affect flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics, grain yield, and yield components of oat in a semiarid region of northwest China. Agronomy 12. doi:10.3390/agronomy12092108.
Kalaiselvan, S. and Lenin, A. R. (2023). Assessment of growth and early maturation traits in various genotypes of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.). Crop Res. 58: 243-47.
Kristkova, E., Lebeda, A., Vinter V. and Blahousek. O. (2003). Genetic resources of genus Cucumis and their morphological description. HortSci. 30: 14-42.
Mabotja, T. C. (2019). Interactive effects of irrigation interval and planting density on vegetative yield and chemical composition of nightshade (Solanum retroflexum) in Limpopo Province, South Africa. MSc Dissertation, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa.
Renault, D. and Wallender, W. W. (2000). Nutritional water productivity and diets. Agric. Water Manag. 45: 275-96.
Sani, B. M. Oluwasemire, K. O. and Mohammed, H. I. (2008). Effect of irrigation and planting density on the growth, yield and water use efficiency of early maize in the Nigerian Savanna, J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 3: 33-40.
SAS Institute INC. (2008). SAS/STAT® 9.2 Qualification Tools User’s Guide,” SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Shapiro, S. S. and Wilk, M. B. (1965). An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples). Biometrika 52: 591-611.
Tseke, P. E. and Mashele, P. W. (2018). Growth response of leafy vegetable Cucumis myriocarpus to chloride salinity. Res. Crop. 19: 72-79.
Zhang, Y. Xu, Z. Li J. and Wang, R. (2021) Optimum planting density improves resource use efficiency and yield stability of rainfed maize in semiarid climate. Front. Plant Sci. 12: doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.752606.
Zhao, D. Kane M. and Borders, B. E. (2011). Growth responses to planting density and management intensity in loblolly pine plantations in the Southeastern USA Lower Coastal Plain,” Annals For. Sci. 68: 625-35.
Zygmunt, B. and Namiesnik, J. (2003). Preparation of samples of plant material for chromatographic analysis. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 39: 109-16.
Anjum, S. A. Wang, L. C. Farooq, M. Hussain, M. Xue L. L. and Zou, C. M. (2011). Brassinolide application improves the drought tolerance in maize through modulation of enzymatic antioxidants and leaf gas exchange. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 197: 177-85.
Anusree, K., Simhi Samyuktha S. M. and Manju R. V. (2025). Elevated CO₂ responses in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, carbon allocation patterns, and nitrogen uptake in plants. J. Cell Biol. Genet. 8: 1-7.
Bogale, A. Tesfaye K. and Geleto, T. (2011). Morphological and physiological attributes associated to drought tolerance of Ethiopian durum wheat genotypes under water deficit conditions. J. Bio. Env. Sci. 1: 22-36.
Chibarabada, T. P. Modi A. T. and Mabhaudhi, T. (2017). Nutrient content and nutritional water productivity of selected grain legumes in response to production environment. Int. J. Env. Res. Public Health 14: 1-17.
Craine, J. M. and Dybzinski, R. (2013). Mechanisms of plant competition for nutrients, water and light. Funct. Ecol. 27: 833-40.
Fan, X. M., Li, Y. S., Nie, J., Wang, C., Huang, K. H., Zhang, Y. K., et al. and Yi, Z. (2018). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits and grain yield in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.). Field Crops Res. 219: 160-68. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.001.
Ghasemi, A. and Zahediasl, S. (2012). Normality tests for statistical analysis: A guide for non- statisticians. Int. J. Endocrinol. Metabolism 10: 486-89.
Ju, Z., Liu, K., Zhao, G., Ma X. and Jia, Z. (2022). Nitrogen fertilizer and sowing density affect flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics, grain yield, and yield components of oat in a semiarid region of northwest China. Agronomy 12. doi:10.3390/agronomy12092108.
Kalaiselvan, S. and Lenin, A. R. (2023). Assessment of growth and early maturation traits in various genotypes of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.). Crop Res. 58: 243-47.
Kristkova, E., Lebeda, A., Vinter V. and Blahousek. O. (2003). Genetic resources of genus Cucumis and their morphological description. HortSci. 30: 14-42.
Mabotja, T. C. (2019). Interactive effects of irrigation interval and planting density on vegetative yield and chemical composition of nightshade (Solanum retroflexum) in Limpopo Province, South Africa. MSc Dissertation, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa.
Renault, D. and Wallender, W. W. (2000). Nutritional water productivity and diets. Agric. Water Manag. 45: 275-96.
Sani, B. M. Oluwasemire, K. O. and Mohammed, H. I. (2008). Effect of irrigation and planting density on the growth, yield and water use efficiency of early maize in the Nigerian Savanna, J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 3: 33-40.
SAS Institute INC. (2008). SAS/STAT® 9.2 Qualification Tools User’s Guide,” SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Shapiro, S. S. and Wilk, M. B. (1965). An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples). Biometrika 52: 591-611.
Tseke, P. E. and Mashele, P. W. (2018). Growth response of leafy vegetable Cucumis myriocarpus to chloride salinity. Res. Crop. 19: 72-79.
Zhang, Y. Xu, Z. Li J. and Wang, R. (2021) Optimum planting density improves resource use efficiency and yield stability of rainfed maize in semiarid climate. Front. Plant Sci. 12: doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.752606.
Zhao, D. Kane M. and Borders, B. E. (2011). Growth responses to planting density and management intensity in loblolly pine plantations in the Southeastern USA Lower Coastal Plain,” Annals For. Sci. 68: 625-35.
Zygmunt, B. and Namiesnik, J. (2003). Preparation of samples of plant material for chromatographic analysis. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 39: 109-16.
